Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations  
International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture

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    The Inventory

    This online version of the Inventory presents, for each measure, the title and a brief description with information on implementing organization(s), start year, objectives, core elements, key outcomes, and, if applicable, lessons learned. It thus allows users to quickly identify those examples that may be of interest to them. A hyperlink to the original submission is provided, which includes additional information, such as on the history and context of the presented measure, challenges encountered, or target groups reached. In this way, users can get a more comprehensive idea of the measure in question and the specific context for which it was developed.
     
    To facilitate navigation, the Inventory is subdivided into eleven categories. Measures or practices that fall under more than one category are listed under each one that applies. Furthermore, information is provided on the type(s) of measures that are typically involved, such as technical, administrative, legal, and/or others, and on the relevant sub-article of Article 9 that is addressed. Additional search options allow searching by country, region, free text and keyword.
     
     
     
     
     
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    Number of records: 233

    81) Seal of Origin programme

    The Seal of Origin programme is a joint initiative of the Ministry of Economy, Development and Tourism and the National Institute of Industrial Property (INAPI) since 2012. The programme aims towards the creation, promotion, preservation, valorisation and protection of Chilean products characterized by having a strong link to the territory in which they were made, in order to recognize and reward the effort and work put into them. The core components of the programme include the use of industrial property tools such as al Geographical Indications, Denominations of Origin, Collective Marks or Certification Marks. These tools contribute to the valorisation of traditional and unique products of Chile, with the ultimate aim of promoting the entrepreneurship and productive development of local communities and the conservation of their traditions. The use of industrial property tools; enhanced visibility of territories; protection of unique products; standardization of common practices; incentives for the development of business associations; and defense against unfair competition. To date, there are 32 protected products, 19 of them are food products, of which, 12 are related to plant genetic resources. These tools drive the preservation and stimulate certain forms of traditional production or manufacturing, safeguarding local food heritage, encourage unity in regional communities, and boosting the economic development of rural communities.

    Category: 3.Approaches to encourage income-generating activities to support farmers’ conservation and sustainable use of PGRFA

    Type of measure/practice: Technical; Administrative; Legal

    82) Geographical indication

    Since 1992, the French National Institute of Origin and Quality (Institut National de l’Origine et de la Qualité (INAO)) has offered options for the protection of Geographical Indications (GIs) protecting the name of a product from a specific region and with a traditional production process. The objective is to identify an agricultural product, raw or processed, of which quality, reputation or other characteristics are linked to its geographical origin. Geographical Indications tend to lead to higher prices for farmers compared to similar products in the same food category and offer a marketing message about high value-added products. For this reason, farmers in rural areas are encouraged to initiate the administrative procedures to obtain the GI recognition; such labels may also result in more sustainable and responsible consumer choices. There is a long history of this approach in French legislation. Today, Regulation (EU) No 1151/2012 on quality schemes for agricultural products and foodstuffs and Title II of the French Intellectual Property Code (L721-1 to L.722-17) establish the rules for geographical indications. Well-known examples are ‘Coco de Paimpol’ (dry beans from Bretagne), ‘Lentille verte du Puy’ (green lentils from Auvergne) or ‘Espelette pepers’ from Basque Country.

    Category: 3.Approaches to encourage income-generating activities to support farmers’ conservation and sustainable use of PGRFA

    Type of measure/practice: Technical; Administrative; Legal

    83) SeedNL partnership

    Since 2018, the Dutch Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Plantum, the Dutch breeding and seed sector association have started to develop a partnership under the flag of ‘SeedNL’. The partnership will focus on increasing access to and use of quality seed as a basis and catalyst for improving agricultural productivity in developing countries and emerging economies. Besides, this the partnership will share knowledge and experience and work based on a joint agenda. SeedNL aims to sustainably contribute to reducing poverty, promoting inclusive green growth and resilience to climate change.

    Category: 7.Participatory approaches to research on PGRFA, including characterization and evaluation, participatory plant breeding and variety selection

    Type of measure/practice: Technical

    84) Plant Breeders’ Rights Advisory Committee

    The Canadian Plant Breeders’ Rights Act, which was enacted in 1991, specifically section 73, requires that the Minister of Agriculture and Agri-Food form an Advisory Committee consisting of representatives of various associations and enterprises involved in the value chain (e.g. plant breeders, horticulturists, seed dealers, farmers, and other persons the Minister considers appropriate). The measure is intended to involve the farming community, as well as other representatives, in the administration of the Canadian intellectual property regime for the protection of new plant varieties. It thus ensures that legislative, policy, and procedural decisions surrounding the administration of the Plant Breeders’ Rights Act, are made respecting interests of all value chain members, including farmers, and benefits the value chain as a whole. The advice comes in various forms; it could be communicated to the Plant Breeders’ Rights Commissioner via an annual face-to-face meeting or in written format. The outcomes of this measure/practice are reflected in the impacts of the decisions taken by the Advisory Committee, or the policies implemented; for example, improved access to new plant varieties for Canadian farmers.

    Category: 8.Farmers’ participation in decision-making at local, national and sub-regional, regional and international levels

    Type of measure/practice: Administrative; Legal

    85) Public-private coordination, through national commissions or working groups (‘mesa de trabajo’) on relevant topics

    In order to facilitate articulation and coordination of relevant stakeholders for the development of the agricultural sector, national commissions or working groups (‘mesa de trabajo’) have been established in Chile for various topics to give advice to the Ministry of Agriculture, with the technical organization being provided by the Office of Agrarian Studies and Policies (Oficina de Estudios y Políticas Agrarias (ODEPA)). The objective is to jointly develop strategic agenda, solve problems and address challenges in the short, medium and long term. Representatives of the private sector related to the issue/topic in question, such as trade unions and farmer associations, as well as academia and technological institutes, representatives of the agroindustry and NGOs, participate in these commissions or working groups. Some of them have worked over several decades; for the realization of Farmers’ Rights, the working groups on quinoa and genetic resources are most relevant, besides the Ministry of Agriculture’s Civil Society Council.

    Category: 8.Farmers’ participation in decision-making at local, national and sub-regional, regional and international levels

    Type of measure/practice: Administrative