Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations  
International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture

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    The Inventory

    This online version of the Inventory presents, for each measure, the title and a brief description with information on implementing organization(s), start year, objectives, core elements, key outcomes, and, if applicable, lessons learned. It thus allows users to quickly identify those examples that may be of interest to them. A hyperlink to the original submission is provided, which includes additional information, such as on the history and context of the presented measure, challenges encountered, or target groups reached. In this way, users can get a more comprehensive idea of the measure in question and the specific context for which it was developed.
     
    To facilitate navigation, the Inventory is subdivided into eleven categories. Measures or practices that fall under more than one category are listed under each one that applies. Furthermore, information is provided on the type(s) of measures that are typically involved, such as technical, administrative, legal, and/or others, and on the relevant sub-article of Article 9 that is addressed. Additional search options allow searching by country, region, free text and keyword.
     
     
     
     
     
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    Number of records: 233

    6) The 21st National Olive Festival and Rural Products Exhibition

    The National Olive Festival and Rural products Exhibition is an annual festival organized by the National Agricultural Research Center (NARC), a scientific arm of the Ministry of Agriculture. To contribute to sustainable development goals and in compliance with the provisions of the ratified conventions such as the International Treaty, Article 9, Farmers’ Rights, by providing a marketing platform for smallholder farmers and rural families in the governorates and marginal areas. In 2021, the "21st National Olive Festival & Rural Products Exhibition" featured the various governorates’ olive oil production, including all the other traditional rural products for which it is famous and small economic projects on which rural families depend. The festival witnessed a significant transformation; more than 500 producers, including farmers, rural women, associations, olive mills, field schools from all governorates of Jordan, and some small companies, were present. Several projects within the Agricultural Innovation Incubator of NARC also participated in the festival. The festival was preceded by training courses and lectures for the various governorates, such as e-marketing training and lectures on agricultural topics designed for students from eight public and private universities. The festival also witnessed cultural, artistic, and poetic evenings, including a fashion show on traditional Jordanian costumes.

    Category: 3.Approaches to encourage income-generating activities to support farmers’ conservation and sustainable use of PGRFA

    Type of measure/practice: Technical

    7) Putting farmers and Indigenous Peoples’ access to crop diversity at centre in seed policy and practice

    The measure is a game changing solution presented to the UN Food System Summit 2021 calling for a fundamental re-think of how seed system development is supported globally. Our proposal is to ensure and promote – through legislation, seed policies and action – that farmers have access to a diversity of well adapted varieties of crops that meet agroecological, nutritional and cultural needs and preferences. Farmers’ seed systems are key to provide farmers with access to both local varieties developed over millennia of farmer selection and varieties developed with modern plant breeding. We call for a bottom-up demand-driven approach to seed security to complement the currently dominant top-down supply-side approach, thereby supporting farmers’ agency and recognizing farmers’ seed systems contribution to global food security.

    Category: 6.Facilitation of farmers’ access to a diversity of PGRFA through community seed banks, seed networks and other measures improving farmers’ choices of a wider diversity of PGRFA.

    Type of measure/practice: Technical; Administrative; Legal

    8) Implementation of farmers’ rights through the recognition of farmers’ seeds and provisions made for a discreet farmer seed system registration process, not linked to commercial seed and crop value chains

    In 2003, the Brazilian government passed a Seed Law- Lei 10.711 Dispõe sobre o Sistema Nacional de Sementes e Mudas e dá outras providências that recognized farmer’s seed emanating from farmer-managed seed systems. According to this law, registration of local, traditional or Creole cultivars used by family farmers, Agrarian Reform settlers or indigenous peoples is not mandatory (Article 11.6) and there are exemptions for those who multiply seeds or seedlings for distribution, exchange or sell among themselves. The exemptions are for all farmers’ seed as long as they are traded and exchanged among family farmers (Article 8.3). Where farmers choose to register their seed in Brazil, several requirements are given by the Ministerial Decision 51/2007. Since the farmers’ seed sector is recognized as important and indispensable towards the attainment of food security, the national government launched the Food Acquisition Programme in 2003, which included the purchase and dissemination of farmer seed that was directly purchased from and distributed to farmers. This state support created a big incentive for local producers, especially family farmers, agrarian reform settlements and indigenous communities and populations, and it recognised the seed production protocols and activities of these communities. To further support the farmers’ seed sector, the Ministry of Agrarian Development supported seed fairs to promote the multiplication of local seeds.

    Category: 10.Legal measures for the implementation of Farmers’ Rights, such as legislative measures related to PGRFA.

    Type of measure/practice: Administrative; Legal

    9) Community Seed Bank model as a platform for seed multiplication and distribution including adapted farmer varieties

    This practice was conducted through the project "Harnessing dryland legume and cereals genetic resource for food and nutrition security and resilient farming systems in Malawi and Zambia" which started in 2019, and implemented by ICRISAT, together with the Department of Agricultural Services (DARS) in Malawi, the Zambia Agricultural Research Institution (ZARI) and farmer associations with funding from the Benefit-sharing Fund. The main objectives are to support farmers to sustainably use and conserve PGRFA for food and nutrition security and to build capacity of smallholder farmers to use improved varieties for food and nutrition security to enhance resilience in production in the face of climate variability, while realizing sustained incomes among women and youth. The project promoted community seed bank modelling as a platform for seed multiplication and distribution. Activities include: organization of farmers’ seed clubs; training on seed production and agribusiness; and establishment of demonstration trials for seed production and dissemination campaigns. The main outcomes: farmers are supported to maintain and conserve agrobiodiversity in areas vulnerable to climate change and food insecurity; enhanced availability of quality seeds, improved and/or farmer varieties and enhanced equity. The main lesson learned is that linking farmers to cooperatives and provisioning of appropriate training is important.

    Category: 6.Facilitation of farmers’ access to a diversity of PGRFA through community seed banks, seed networks and other measures improving farmers’ choices of a wider diversity of PGRFA.

    Type of measure/practice: Technical

    10) Participatory technology development and selection approaches to develop cultivars relevant to farmers’ needs

    This practice was conducted through the project "Harnessing dryland legume and cereals genetic resource for food and nutrition security and resilient farming systems in Malawi and Zambia" which started in 2019, and implemented by ICRISAT, together with the Department of Agricultural Services (DARS) in Malawi, the Zambia Agricultural Research Institution (ZARI) and farmer associations with funding from the Benefit-sharing Fund. The main objectives are to re-introduce, conserve, disseminate or breed locally adapted varieties with farmers’ participation and other stakeholders in the agricultural sector, and to build the capacity of farmers and technical staff to be able to innovate and do research for food and nutrition security. Activities include: development of improved materials in addition to farmer collections, and assessing the effect of PGRFA and/or cropping systems on the livelihoods of the farmers or community groups. The main outcomes: farmers are supported to maintain and conserve agrobiodiversity in areas vulnerable to climate change and food insecurity; research and development have been strengthened and accelerated to produce climate-ready crops, and the knowledge and skills of farmers and technical staff on the use of genetic resources for food and nutrition security has been enhanced. The main lesson learned is that farmer participation is key in technology development and delivery for impact.

    Category: 7.Participatory approaches to research on PGRFA, including characterization and evaluation, participatory plant breeding and variety selection

    Type of measure/practice: Technical