Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations  
International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture

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    The Inventory

    This online version of the Inventory presents, for each measure, the title and a brief description with information on implementing organization(s), start year, objectives, core elements, key outcomes, and, if applicable, lessons learned. It thus allows users to quickly identify those examples that may be of interest to them. A hyperlink to the original submission is provided, which includes additional information, such as on the history and context of the presented measure, challenges encountered, or target groups reached. In this way, users can get a more comprehensive idea of the measure in question and the specific context for which it was developed.
     
    To facilitate navigation, the Inventory is subdivided into eleven categories. Measures or practices that fall under more than one category are listed under each one that applies. Furthermore, information is provided on the type(s) of measures that are typically involved, such as technical, administrative, legal, and/or others, and on the relevant sub-article of Article 9 that is addressed. Additional search options allow searching by country, region, free text and keyword.
     
     
     
     
     
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    Number of records: 235

    216) Community seed registry

    Starting in 2002, the Campagao Farmers' Production and Research Association (CFPRA) of the municipality of Bilar, province of Bohol, in collaboration with Southeast Asia Regional Initiatives for Community Empowerment (SEARICE), established a community seed registry. The registry is not intended to claim property rights but aims to prevent others from doing so by placing knowledge in the public domain. The community seed registry recognizes farmers as the developers of the varieties and upholds the principle that seeds should be freely and widely accessed and exchanged. Through a municipal resolution, the community seed registry was officially recognized. Community seed registries may evolve differently in different contexts, but share common elements, including (1) a community declaration, through which the local communities publicly and collectively assert their rights over local plant genetic resources, e.g. a joint resolution or statements of communities or farmers’ organizations, public ceremonies, rituals/oral traditions, audio/video techniques, or other indigenous means of documentation; (2) legal recognition, which obliges the State to recognize the registries and to provide them with a mantle of legal protection; and (3) community protocols or procedures meant to regulate and facilitate access more systematically and to ensure that Farmers’ Rights to the accessed materials are recognized.

    Category: 4.Catalogues, registries and other forms of documentation of PGRFA and protection of traditional knowledge

    Type of measure/practice: Technical; Administrative

    217) Participatory plant variety selection

    The Malawi Plant Genetic Resources Centre (MPGRC) started working on the Participatory Variety Selection of 56 bambara nut accessions in the year 2001/02. The work involved three research stations in the Department of Agricultural Research Services namely: Chitedze in Lilongwe district, Chitala in Salima district and Mbawa in Mzimba district. Agricultural Extension Planning Areas (EPAS) and Farmers from villages surrounding the research stations were also involved in these activities. The major objective of the work was to identify high yielding and farmer-preferred accessions since the production of bambara nuts in Malawi is characterized by low yields. Core components included (1) farmer involvement, which contributed to Programme success and ensured farmer commitment in implementing the activities; (2) integration of local technical and scientific knowledge in the research process; and (3) development of readily acceptable varieties by farmers which is one of the fundamental research gaps in Malawi. The major outcome of the PVS was the official release by the Department of Agricultural Research Services through MPGRC of three farmer-preferred bambara nut varieties. Key lessons learnt included that integration of farmer preferences at an early stage in varietal development enhances adoption rates.

    Category: 7.Participatory approaches to research on PGRFA, including characterization and evaluation, participatory plant breeding and variety selection

    Type of measure/practice: Technical

    218) Law Establishing the Moratorium on Living Modified Organisms for a Period of 10 years (Law No. 29811)

    In 2011 the Peruvian president Ollanta Humala signed the Law No. 29811 which establishes a ten (10) year moratorium preventing the entry and production of living modified organisms (LMOs) including aquatic for the purposes of cultivation or breeding for further release into the environment. (Article). The purpose of this law is to strengthen national capacities, develop infrastructure and generate baselines with respect to native biodiversity, which allow for adequate evaluation of the activities that release LMOs into the environment. The Ministry of Environment is the National Focal point and implementor of the law in accordance to the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety – and is required to ensure that the mechanisms of protection and promotion of native biodiversity is fulfilled in the period of 10 years.

    Category: 10.Legal measures for the implementation of Farmers’ Rights, such as legislative measures related to PGRFA.

    Type of measure/practice: Legal

    219) Catalogue of traditional varieties for common and Lima beans, maize, chilies and peppers

    The Instituto de Investigaciones Fundamentales en Agricultura Tropical ‘Alejandro de Humboldt' (INIFAT), in collaboration with local organizations in the Biosphere Reserves ‘Sierra del Rosario’ and 'Cuchilla del Toa' and with financial support by the International Development Research Centre (IDRC), participated in the project ‘Adaptive management of seed systems and gene flow for sustainable agriculture and subsistence improvement in the humid tropics of Mexico, Cuba and Peru’ (2003-2006). As part of the project activities, a catalogue of traditional varieties was established with the aim to facilitate learning on agrobiodiversity, promote seed exchanges and acknowledge the participating farmers. The use of variety names was found not always to be consistent within and among communities, or across regions; for this reason, other descriptors should also be used to ensure that the diversity and spatial distribution of varieties is correctly documented. The initiative was very well received by the farmers and allowed to sensitize decision-makers for the level of agrobiodiversity that existed in certain localities. This type of action should be expanded to arrive at a national catalogue as well, in order to enhance visibility of agrobiodiversity and acknowledge farmers.

    Category: 4.Catalogues, registries and other forms of documentation of PGRFA and protection of traditional knowledge

    Type of measure/practice: Technical

    220) Crop contest at the Genetic Diversity Fair (G-Difa)

    The Genetic Diversity Fair (G-Difa) was first held in 2018, coinciding with the National Congress on Genetic Resources, which included a crop contest. Bananas were selected as the focus crop, since they are widespread throughout Indonesia. Every province through its Regional Commission on Genetic Resources proposed one or more local varieties of bananas originating from their region. A board of judges then evaluated and assessed banana fruits based on several criteria and decided on the winners. This activity aimed to promote crop diversity of local varieties in Indonesia. For the next event in 2020, a different crop will be selected. This event raises awareness on the importance of local genetic resources among the public and benefits the local farming community, since the region from where the crop originated can gain economic benefits from the use and promotion of genetic resources. Lessons learned include that recognition of local varieties can help promote and increase their economic value.

    Category: 3.Approaches to encourage income-generating activities to support farmers’ conservation and sustainable use of PGRFA

    Type of measure/practice: Administrative; Others