Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations  
International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture

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    The Inventory

    This online version of the Inventory presents, for each measure, the title and a brief description with information on implementing organization(s), start year, objectives, core elements, key outcomes, and, if applicable, lessons learned. It thus allows users to quickly identify those examples that may be of interest to them. A hyperlink to the original submission is provided, which includes additional information, such as on the history and context of the presented measure, challenges encountered, or target groups reached. In this way, users can get a more comprehensive idea of the measure in question and the specific context for which it was developed.
     
    To facilitate navigation, the Inventory is subdivided into eleven categories. Measures or practices that fall under more than one category are listed under each one that applies. Furthermore, information is provided on the type(s) of measures that are typically involved, such as technical, administrative, legal, and/or others, and on the relevant sub-article of Article 9 that is addressed. Additional search options allow searching by country, region, free text and keyword.
     
     
     
     
     
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    Number of records: 233

    26) Law Establishing the Moratorium on Living Modified Organisms for a Period of 10 years (Law No. 29811)

    In 2011 the Peruvian president Ollanta Humala signed the Law No. 29811 which establishes a ten (10) year moratorium preventing the entry and production of living modified organisms (LMOs) including aquatic for the purposes of cultivation or breeding for further release into the environment. (Article). The purpose of this law is to strengthen national capacities, develop infrastructure and generate baselines with respect to native biodiversity, which allow for adequate evaluation of the activities that release LMOs into the environment. The Ministry of Environment is the National Focal point and implementor of the law in accordance to the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety – and is required to ensure that the mechanisms of protection and promotion of native biodiversity is fulfilled in the period of 10 years.

    Category: 10.Legal measures for the implementation of Farmers’ Rights, such as legislative measures related to PGRFA.

    Type of measure/practice: Legal

    27) Seed sovereignty and agroecological scaling: Focus on two cases of seed recovery, conservation and defence in Colombia

    Seed sovereignty and agroecological scaling: Focus on two cases of seed recovery, conservation and defense in Colombia is a study based on two grassroots organisations that both belong to the Red de Semillas Libres de Colombia (Free Seed Network of Colombia or RSLC). The objective of the study was to examine the relationship between seed recovery, conservation and defense and the expansion of agroecology. From January 2016 to December 2017, fieldwork was carried out which included 16 semi-structured interviews with seed custodians, community leaders and specialists on the topics of seeds; focus groups were used; participant observation was carried out in 14 plots and photographs were taken. The study gathered important information detailing what seed sovereignty in Colombia is, cases of seed recovery, conservation, and coping mechanisms, the role of seed custodians organised in the Free Seed Network of Colombia, Agroecology and seed defense, collective actions and strategies toward the defense of seeds and agrifood autonomy and social reappropriation of territory based on native and creole seeds.

    Category: 6.Facilitation of farmers’ access to a diversity of PGRFA through community seed banks, seed networks and other measures improving farmers’ choices of a wider diversity of PGRFA.

    Type of measure/practice: Technical; Others

    28) Financial Support

    The Ministry of Industry, Trade and Supply provides financial support to farmers by procuring their harvested crop grains and seeds with favorable prices for the farmers. Examples of financial support include provisioning of development programs to develop the agricultural sector and farmers’ exemptions to fees and taxes, as stipulated in the law. Noted examples include but not limited to (1) the "grain seeds sieving and sterilization project" launched in 1982 in cooperation with the Ministry of Agriculture, (2) the Jordanian Cooperative Corporation which is focused on: (i) making contracts with farmers to plant foundation seeds and produce improved seeds, (ii) sieving, sterilizing and transforming the seeds in order to secure it for farmers through its stations, and (iii) maintaining a strategic stock of sieving and sterilized grains to cover the shortage in drought years; and (3); the Agricultural Risk Management Fund Law of 2009, which primarily aims to provide compensation to farmers in the event of risks and to build their capacities to cope with the risks. In general, the Ministry of Agriculture has several development programs and policies in place to support the development of the agricultural sector and the farming communities, with the aim to achieve a developed, diversified, and an integrated agricultural production.

    Category: 2.Financial contributions to support farmers conservation and sustainable use of PGRFA such as contributions to benefit-sharing funds

    Type of measure/practice: Administrative; Legal; Others

    29) Technical Support/ Extension services

    The National Agricultural Research Center (NARC) of Jordan promotes increased agricultural production while conserving natural resources and optimizing their use, and preserving the ecological balance. To achieve this, NARC has launched several projects to support farmers in both technical and logistics operations. For example, the Food Security Project in 2016, in which 200-250 field observations were established. The Field Schools Project is another important tool supporting farming communities that began in the growing season 2004/2005. In the beginning, it was limited to vegetables but later on, fruit trees and other crops were included. The aim was to integrate the researcher, agricultural extension agent and farmer into a pioneering agricultural experiment. Additionally, NARC has launched an Agricultural Innovation Incubator Initiative on February 26th, 2019, which aims to transform entrepreneurial ideas into real projects that enhance the national economy and contribute to sustainable development and create job opportunities and success stories about farmers.

    Category: 9.Training, capacity development and public awareness creation

    Type of measure/practice: Technical

    30) Protecting seeds as commons with an open-source license

    OpenSourceSeeds (OSS) is a European initiative of the German Association for AgriCulture and Ecology (Agrecol), launched in April 2017. It pursues the objective to protect agricultural seeds as commons. It helps to establish a commons-based seed sector as a second pillar next to the private seed sector. The initiative has four core components: (1) licensing new varieties open-source and documenting them in a database; (ii) propagating and introducing OS seeds to the market; (iii) raising public awareness for seeds as a common good; and (iv) research and Development on new concepts to finance non-private (IPR-free) plant breeding. Currently, it has 9 new varieties/populations licensed open source (3 tomato varieties, 3 wheat varieties, 1 sweetcorn, 1 pepper and 1 potato variety). These OS varieties are listed in sales catalogues. Lessons learned include that plant breeders to use the license takes time, developing new financing concepts for plant breeding is a key issue for success, and the principle of seeds as commons is quite popular among consumers.

    Category: 6.Facilitation of farmers’ access to a diversity of PGRFA through community seed banks, seed networks and other measures improving farmers’ choices of a wider diversity of PGRFA.

    Type of measure/practice: Technical